大小鼠作為常用的實(shí)驗(yàn)室動(dòng)物，是探索一些情感和動(dòng)機(jī)功能基本機(jī)制的理想模型。這些研究主要采用顯性行為測(cè)量，如動(dòng)物會(huì)靠近獲取滿足感，反之逃離。而之前的動(dòng)機(jī)和情感狀態(tài)測(cè)量是通過(guò)諸如心率、腎上腺酮分泌、或大腦動(dòng)物等生理指標(biāo)進(jìn)行推斷的。在此基礎(chǔ)之上，可以通過(guò)獲取動(dòng)物的超聲發(fā)生（USV）進(jìn)行兩個(gè)方面的行為學(xué)研究，一是動(dòng)物的情感狀態(tài)，二是動(dòng)物社交性行為，如交配、育幼、嬉戲、攻擊及防衛(wèi)等），可廣泛用于生物醫(yī)學(xué)、神經(jīng)科學(xué)、實(shí)驗(yàn)心理學(xué)、代謝相關(guān)研究等。
2016年8月30日，北京易科泰生態(tài)技術(shù)有限公司工程師在中科院遺傳與發(fā)育生物學(xué)研究所成功安裝調(diào)試嚙齒類超聲（USV）監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)可用于基因操作小鼠模型的精神分裂癥、自閉癥和神經(jīng)退行性疾病的發(fā)病機(jī)制研究。
遺傳所博士在認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)儀器數(shù)據(jù)記錄與分析
大鼠超聲發(fā)生（USV）記錄過(guò)程
50-KHz USVs超生發(fā)生結(jié)果
可卡因誘導(dǎo)的50-kHz USVs
需要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是，該聲譜分析技術(shù)可以與動(dòng)物呼吸代謝技術(shù)（包括SSI動(dòng)物呼吸代謝技術(shù)、Promethion動(dòng)物行為與代謝監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)）及環(huán)境監(jiān)控因素連用，更全面地監(jiān)測(cè)動(dòng)物的進(jìn)食模式、行為譜、動(dòng)物睡眠活動(dòng)、運(yùn)動(dòng)與代謝、溫度心率、動(dòng)物學(xué)習(xí)記憶行為、動(dòng)物情感與動(dòng)機(jī)行為、新陳代謝與影響因子等，還可以與其它更多的動(dòng)物行為、生理、生物醫(yī)學(xué)儀器連用。
案例1 德國(guó)馬普鳥(niǎo)類學(xué)院科學(xué)家采用“SSI動(dòng)物呼吸代謝技術(shù)與USV動(dòng)物超聲發(fā)生” 技術(shù)，于2013年在國(guó)際生理學(xué)前沿雜志發(fā)表了“Metabolic costs of bat echolocation in a non-foraging context support a role in communication”一文，介紹了蝙蝠發(fā)出回聲的能量消耗策略，以及USV超聲發(fā)生在蝙蝠社交通訊中的科學(xué)假設(shè)。
7只小牛頭犬蝠回聲與能量消耗相關(guān)性
案例2 澳大利亞墨爾本大學(xué)神經(jīng)科學(xué)與精神健康研究所科學(xué)家采用USV超聲發(fā)生等技術(shù)，于2016年在Transl Psychiatry精神病學(xué)雜志發(fā)表“Elevated paternal glucocorticoid exposure alters the small noncoding RNA profile in sperm and modifies anxiety and depressive phenotypes in the offspring”一文，主要介紹了糖皮質(zhì)激素在母體-后代應(yīng)激誘導(dǎo)特征傳遞過(guò)程中的分子機(jī)制。
不同處理?xiàng)l件下的鳴叫次數(shù)
部分參考文獻(xiàn)：
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